Internet
- A massive network of networks
that transfer data packets that looked like this in 2005 -- it is larger now
- Developed by teams of computer scientists during the late 1960s, allowing communication of computers that are connected via common networks
- Previously, computers could communicate only with those of similar construction
- Packet switching and TCP/IP (Internet Protocol) developed to connect unique computers
- Computers are identified using IP addresses -- a series of numbers that are unique to each machine online
- Employs protocols -- a format for transmitting data between computers
- Different protocols for different functions
- Television: IPTV
- Phone: VoIP
- Email: IMAP, POP3, SMTP
- File tranfer: FTP
- Web documents: HTTP
- Serves unique devices (cell phones, iPads, gaming systems, CPUs, kiosks, etc.)
Web
- Created in 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee
- Berners-Lee developed the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (this is what the "http" stands for in any web address)
- HTTP is the sole protocol for the Web
- Widely implemented in mid-1990s, following 1991 congressional act that helped introduce the first browser, Mosaic, in 1993
- The Web is a series of documents that constitute an element of the Internet
- Linked via hypertext, which directs visitors to other documents on the Web
- Documents require Web browsers -- IE, Firefox, Safari, Opera, etc. -- to display information to user
- One person's diagram of relationships between clothing brand URLs
- How it works, in short
- Designers, developers write HTML/CSS to create a Web document (we will do this in lab)
- This document is uploaded using FTP to a site (you will upload to your myweb account provided by Chico State)
- Once uploaded, the page or document has a unique location on the Web that can be found using a URL (uniform/universal resource locator)
- When someone enters this URL their browser will display the designer's page or document
Text editors
- Allow individuals to write original code without interference from software that often writes code ineffectively or inefficiently
- Important when learning a new computer language, whether a simple one (HTML or CSS) or more complex languages (C++, Java)
- By learning the syntax and understanding how to “hand-code,” your skill set is transferable between Web editing software and versions of HTML and CSS.
- On Macs, we use TextWrangler, which is free to download.
- On Windows, you can use Notepad or download Crimson Editor.
